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The term that refers to a process where a neutral third party resolves disputes stemming from interpretations of a collective bargaining agreement is grievance arbitration. This process involves an impartial arbitrator who listens to the arguments presented by both the management and the union representatives, reviews the details of the grievance, and then makes a binding decision to resolve the dispute.

Grievance arbitration serves as a mechanism to ensure that disputes are settled fairly outside of the workplace, providing a structured way to enforce and interpret the terms of the collective bargaining agreement. This is essential in maintaining labor relations and promoting cooperation between employees and management.

In contrast, collective bargaining is the process of negotiating the terms of employment between the union and employer. Labor negotiations refer to the discussions and bargaining for an agreement. A labor strike involves workers refusing to work in order to compel an employer to meet certain demands. These processes are distinct from grievance arbitration, which specifically deals with resolving ongoing disputes after the agreement has been established.